A favicon (short for "favorite icon") is a small, iconic image that represents a website or a web page. In addition to being show next to each SERP result, favicons are also shown in browser windows, and bookmarked URLs. To set a favicon, simply add an HTML tag to the <head> of a webpage. Example:
Although Google makes the claim that there is no guarantee of a user-declared favicon being shown next to your SERP result, It's understood in the SEO community that this is a near certainly control-able element.
There are 2 primary ways SEOs can influence their website's site name.
The most influential way is to add a 'WebSite' schema markup type to your webpages, and set the 'name' attribute to the desired site name, and 'alternativeName' to either a string (1 value), or an array of strings (seen below) for Google to consider as alternatives.
The second way is to be sure both the title tags and the meta og:site_name tags for all webpages (seen below). Note the content in the title tag should not be used as a suggestion to Google as to the website's name, but Google may consider words and phrases in this tag when deciding on a site name. The meta og:site_name tag should however be used to indicate to Google the desired site name.
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Google's info on controlling dates mentions 2 primary ways users can influence this SERP element. The first way is to simple include the relevant date on a webpage.
The second way is include time-type key-value pairs in approriate structure data items.
Note, Google says the date portions are required, while the time portions are optional.
Google says there are 2 primary ways website owners can control the shown snippet for their webpages. The first way is to directly set a meta description tag.
The second way is to provide Google as much information as possible (following structured data guidelines) to allow Google to pull the information they deem most relevant. Keep in mind, Google rewrites about half of all snippets (from the suggested meta description).
Getting a star rating in SERP is relatively simple. Implement either an AggregateRating, or Review schema type. Google's guide on review snippets is very extensive. Of course, the more detailed information you provide in the schema, the better.
Google says this feature is automated, and is at the sole discretion of Google. However, many SEOs believe they have been successful in utilizing the SiteNavigationElement:
However, Google suggests the following: